Cadet Competition Written Practice Exam

Which component provides the majority of electricity for a satellite?

1. Battery systems

2. Fuel cells

3. Solar cells

4. Electric generators

The correct answer is: Solar cells

The majority of electricity for a satellite is typically provided by solar cells. Solar cells, or photovoltaic cells, convert sunlight directly into electrical energy, making them a primary power source for satellites. They are designed to operate efficiently in the vacuum of space where sunlight is abundant and consistent, enabling the satellite to generate power continuously as long as it is within the sunlight's reach. Solar cells have several advantages for satellite use, including their lightweight nature and the fact that they require minimal maintenance once deployed in space. This is crucial for satellites, which are often in orbit for many years without the possibility of service. While battery systems play a vital role by storing energy generated by solar cells and supplying power when the satellite is in the Earth's shadow, they do not generate electricity themselves. Fuel cells and electric generators are less common for satellites, as they may depend on resources that are not readily available in space or would require additional mechanisms that add complexity and weight to the satellite design.